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Inactivation of Microbial contaminants in water
Numerous field and controlled laboratory studies comparing conventional hypochlorite with MIOX mixed oxidant solution show a faster, or greater log inactivation at equal doses on all classes of microorganisms. These include both planktonic and spore forms of bacteria, viruses, and protozoan oocysts. A summary of results can be found here.
MSR MIOX Purifer Passes EPA Microbiological Purifier Protocol and NSF P231 Test Protocol
MSR MIOX Purifier has passed the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) Guide Standard and Protocol for Microbiological Purifiers, achieving more than the required inactivation level for viruses, bacteria, and protozoan cysts in both clean and dirty waters. In the protozoa category, the purifier was tested against both Giardia and Cryptosporidium.
Chemical and Biological Warfare Agent testing at Dugway Proving Ground
Organisms tested included:
- Bacillus anthracis (anthrax)
- Vaccinia virus (smallpox)
- Yersinia pestis (plague)
Mixed Oxidant Solution's Effectiveness against Biological and Chemical Warfare Agents
Protozoan Oocyts
MIOX recently conducted research in collaboration with the Center of Infectious Diseases and Biodefenses, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, that uncovers for the first time that chlorine triggers a strong defensive molecular response to oxidative stress in this important waterborne parasite. This response likely contributes to the high resistance of these waterborne pathogens to chlorination. After this initial defensive response mechanism to oxidative stress is "overwhelmed" by extended contact time or at higher concentration of chlorine oxidant, the exposure to the oxidant leads to oocyst death. The relative biocidal effect of bleach and electrolytically generated mixed oxidant solution (MOS) on the oocysts was compared at identical free chlorine concentrations. The results showed that Mixed Oxidants exhibit a higher efficacy in oocyst inactivation that hypochlorite.
The MIOX-UNM research team also observed that Cryptosporidium oocysts can remain physically intact for several days following disinfection treatment - even when they are already dead.
These findings will enable MIOX and others in the drinking water community to develop more efficient disinfection protocols and analytical methods for the inactivation of chlorine-resistant microorganisms.
The results were published in Applied and Environmental Microbiology in March 2010. The paper, entitled "Stress-induced Hsp70 gene expression and inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts by chlorine-based oxidants." Click here to download the full article.
Algae and Biofilm
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