How do mixed oxidants reduce TTHM formation?
Total Trihalomethanes (TTHMs) are formed by a reaction between organic precursors and chlorine. To reduce TTHM formation, either organics and/or chlorine dosing must be reduced. Mixed oxidants have four opportunities to cause this reduction:
1. Biofilm Removal – biofilm removal in the distribution system and storage tanks reduces organics, thus reducing TTHM reactions
2. Reduced Dose – reduced biofouling in the pipelines ultimately reduces the oxidant demand, enabling the operator to decrease the chlorine dose, further reducing TTHM formation
3. Microflocculation – microflocculation in pretreatment removes organics into the floc, thus reducing organic precursors for TTHM formation
4. SDS Testing – TTHM reduction occurs in 50 percent of tests
Technical
- How do MIOX salt and energy conversion efficiencies compare to other on-site chlorine generators?
- Do MIOX generators require special salt quality for operation?
- How stable is the mixed-oxidant solution?
- How much sodium is added to the treated water?
- How do mixed oxidants reduce TTHM formation?
- What can we expect from an SDS test?
- What are mixed oxidants?
that 30 to 50% of bottled water is nothing more than packaged tap water?